Recognise a differently regulated nervous system
Move beyond attention or willpower as the explanation. Consider how arousal regulation influences engagement, inhibition, emotional regulation and participation across the child's day.
ADHD is one of the most misunderstood presentations in paediatric OT. This masterclass looks beneath inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity to the sensory-attention interface: arousal regulation, sensory processing, emotional regulation, self-concept and occupational participation.
Movement, touch, novelty and sensory seeking can be the nervous system's attempt to reach a more functional level of arousal. Before suppressing a behaviour, ask what regulation need it may already be meeting.
A shift from one activity, place or demand to another can place a significant regulation load on the child. Looking at autonomic state, sensory load and predictability changes the clinical question.
That variability is clinically meaningful. ADHD is not simply a lack of attention or effort. Arousal, motivation, sensory input and environmental fit all influence whether engagement is accessible in that moment.
A trauma-informed lens asks what chronic misattunement, shame and repeated messages of being 'too much' may be doing to nervous system safety, self-concept and participation.
Build an integrated clinical picture across autonomic state, sensory processing, trauma-informed reasoning and occupational participation, then use that picture to guide intervention and family communication.
Move beyond attention or willpower as the explanation. Consider how arousal regulation influences engagement, inhibition, emotional regulation and participation across the child's day.
Consider how proprioceptive, vestibular, tactile and interoceptive processing may interact with arousal. Ask what the seeking is solving before deciding whether or how to change it.
Identify autonomic state indicators and the conditions that support engagement before selecting sensory, environmental or relational strategies. Intervention begins with the nervous system, not the behaviour.
Apply a trauma-informed, strengths-based occupational lens that reduces blame, supports autonomy and helps families understand the child's regulation needs without framing the child as the problem.
The SenseUp Approach draws on three bodies of peer-reviewed research as its evidence base.
First, and primary, is the Ayres Sensory Integration® literature, which is a substantial evidence base including randomised controlled trials, systematic reviews, and longitudinal studies spanning from Ayres' original work in the 1970s through to recent systematic reviews (Acuña et al., 2025; Schaaf et al., 2018).
Second, The SenseUp Approach draws on Polyvagal Theory as a clinical lens, alongside research examining the relationship between trauma and sensory processing (Porges, 2022; Machingura et al., 2024).
Third is occupational science and the WFOT's definition of occupational therapy, which grounds all four levels of the SenseUp Model 360™ in the evidence for occupation-centred practice.
In keeping with the three-pillar model of evidence-based practice, The SenseUp Approach also recognises practitioner expertise and client and family values as equally important pillars alongside research evidence.
The SenseUp Model™ integrates current research across neuroscience, sensory processing (all eight sensory systems), trauma-informed care, and occupational participation into one systematic approach for challenges. This isn't about choosing between therapy approaches or sensory strategies - it's about seeing how nervous system safety can create a foundation for engagement, regulation and participation.
When you understand how these pieces connect, clinical reasoning becomes clearer and intervention planning honours what the child's body actually needs.